Yahweh's Seasons and the Completion of One Year
According to Genesis 1:14 and Jubilees 2:8-10 (as explained on the 4th day of creation), the cycle of a year started on the 4th day with the creation of the Sun.
(Jub 2:9) And YAHWEH appointed the sun to be a great sign on the earth for days and for Shabbats and for months and for feasts and for years and for Shabbats of years and for jubilees and for all seasons of the years.
(Jub 2:10) And it divides the light from the darkness and for prosperity, that all things may prosper which shoot and grow on the earth. These three kinds He made on the fourth day.
According to Genesis 1:16, the sun was singled out to rule over the day. The sun, moon and the stars should serve as a sign and to define appointed times, days and years. Considering this creation week, we can see that the first month (the start of the first season) and the beginning of the first year occurred on the 4th day of creation. We will also see that the first day of each season and year thereafter also begins on the 4th day of the week.
The first reference to seasons in the Bible is in Gen. 8:22:
Every Year/Season Must Begin on a 4th Weekday
There are 7 days in a week and 52 weeks in a year to give a total of 364 (52 × 7) days. By dividing 364 days with 12 months, we get 30 days with a remainder of 4 days. There are 4 seasons in one year. If one day is added to the end of each season on the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months, we find that each season starts on the 4th weekday. Therefore each season consists of 91 days.
Addition of Seasonal Days - Tekufah
Tekufah (Hebrew: תְּקוּפָה, plural tekufot) literally means "circuit," "cycle," or "turn", derived from the root נָקַף (naqaf), meaning "to go around" or "encircle."
In the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), where it appears four times (e.g., Exodus 34:22 as "tekufat ha-shanah" – "circuit of the year"), it retains this primary sense of a return to the same point in time or space, often referring to a cyclical completion, such as the end or revolution of the year.
In post-biblical and rabbinic Hebrew (Talmudic period onward), tekufah evolved to specifically denote:
- The four seasonal divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter).
- The points marking their beginnings: the vernal equinox (Tekufat Nisan), summer solstice (Tekufat Tammuz), autumnal equinox (Tekufat Tishri), and winter solstice (Tekufat Tevet).
In the context of the Qumran/Dead Sea Scrolls' 364-day solar calendar, recent deciphered texts (e.g., 4Q324d) use "tekufah" for the special transitional days inserted between seasons, celebrating the shift from one to the next.
Seasonal Days as Shown in The Book of Enoch
1 Enoch 75:1–2 (Astronomical Book)
From the Ethiopic translation (standard R.H. Charles rendering, widely used in scholarship):
1 Enoch 75:2 And owing to them men go wrong therein, for those luminaries truly render service on the world-stations, one in the first portal, one in the third portal of the heaven, one in the fourth portal, and one in the sixth portal, and the exactness of the year is accomplished through its separate three hundred and sixty-four stations.
These verses introduce the four intercalary (added) days as overseen by special angelic "leaders." They are not counted in the regular 360-day reckoning but are essential for completing the precise 364-day solar year. The days are positioned at the end of each quarter (corresponding to the 31st day of months 3, 6, 9, and 12), ensuring the calendar aligns perfectly with the heavenly stations/portals.
1 Enoch 82:11–13 (Astronomical Book)
From the same Ethiopic translation:
1 Enoch 82:12 And these heads over thousands are intercalated between leader and leader, each behind a station, but their leaders make the division.
1 Enoch 82:13 And these are the names of the leaders who divide the four parts of the year which are ordained: Milki'el, Hel'emmelek, and Mel'ejal, and Narel.
Here, Enoch instructs his son Methuselah on the hierarchical angelic structure governing the calendar. The four leaders specifically "sunder" (separate or divide) the four parts/seasons, referring again to the intercalary days that mark the transitions between quarters. These days are structurally inserted to make each season exactly 91 days (3 × 30 + 1 extra), totaling 364 days.
Both passages emphasize the four added days as divinely appointed, led by named angelic figures, to maintain cosmic order and prevent calendrical error—central to the 364-day system's perfection in the Astronomical Book of Enoch.
With the excavations in Qumran (Dead Sea Scrolls), the Zadok calendar was found that contains this exact calendar of Yahweh to prove it. [1] [2] [3]
More biblical texts can be found to indicate Yahweh's fixed calendar:
(Exo 12:2) This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.
(Exo 12:3) Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:
The flood of Noah also indicated the start of a new era:
(Gen 8:13) And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry.
What Does This Mean?
What does this mean and what calendar is referenced in these books of the Bible?
If we look at these verses through the Gregorian Calendar, it makes no sense at all, but if we use the creation week as background, then it starts to take on a new form.
[1] Wikipedia Reference: Qumran Calendrical Texts
[2] Dead Sea Scrolls - Digital Library: Dead Sea Scrolls - Digital Library
[3] Video series regarding the Asherit Dead Sea Scrolls: Asherit Dead Sea Scrolls